The role of women in the workplace is an important matter in modern world. As we go further thorough industrious world this role seems to be more important and even more challenging. Since nearly half of the society is comprised of women, it stands to reason that women should be enjoying the same success as their male counterparts in terms of advancement opportunities and earning capacity. There’s no denying that the role of women in the world has changed. The image of the quintessential homemaker at her stove, wearing an apron and tending to her children, has been replaced by the ambitious female executive, in her business suit, working her way up the corporate ladder. But women's working has advantages and disadvantages. Women's increasing participation in the workplace will increase the quality of their social behaviors. They can also earn money independently without relying on somebody else. But as the role of women in the society has been changing, the role of men in house works has remained traditionally.
The most important effect of women's participation in the work place is the increase of their social behaviors. In the past women used to stay at home as homemakers and nurture their children. The traditional role of women in the past didn't let them to go out and communicate with outside world. This prevented them to increase their communication ability with outside world. But nowadays, as countries go thorough being industrious, such traditional roles have been changing. Women cooperate in the society more and more and this help them to raise their social behaviors.
The second advantage of increasing the role of women in the work place is gaining independency. In the past women used to rely financially to their husbands, but now as their educations went up they decide to earn money for them in order to be independent. Women have progressed in earnings and education and consider employer opportunities to escalate the progress.
Regardless of positive aspects of women's role in the society and workplaces, there is a negative result for women themselves. The number of women will continue to increase in the workplace. Women will continue to have primary responsibility for home and family matters, thus affecting work attendance negatively. Women as a half part of society need to attend to society and enjoy the help of men at home. Women are not responsible for house works alone. Both men and women should cooperate themselves both in workplace and home.
In conclusion we can say that the role of women in the society is changing. And such changing is inevitable and undeniable. We need to try and understand current trends, make educated guesses, look into the future, and set steps in motion now. This will need the change of men's role too in the society to attain the best result.
Sunday, November 15, 2009
Sunday, November 8, 2009
Topic: the internet will bring about a new freedom of information and so narrow the technology gap between developed and developing countries.
Topic: the internet will bring about a new freedom of information and so narrow the technology gap between developed and developing countries.
The internet will provide its users to access to a large amount of information in a short time. This will decrease the huge gab of technology between developed and developing countries. Although there are so many harmful websites in internet, it will absolutely provide immediate and useful information to its users as well as increasing the quality of communication among people all around the world.
Unfortunately, there are many harmful and destructive websites through the internet. Such websites are growing rapidly and even there are some porn advertisements in some of scientific and useful sites with the aim of furthering prostitution especially among youth. Internet users confront many times with such unwanted websites. For example, they search a key word, but the result is both useful and harmful links.
Despite of such bad websites, internet can provide for its users to access to immediate and useful information. Internet users can find whatever they wand and need. You can sit at home or workplace and by pressing a key you can access to mass information from all around the world. You can search the key words of whatever you want and get access to lots of useful websites related to your needed topic.
Using internet will increase the quality of communication among people. For example, in the past all of people used to write their letters and post them. This would take a long time. But, nowadays internet has simplified such long lasting procedure. You can sit home and send a letter in a flash of second to anyone all around the world by means of internet. Besides, you can chat with other people with different nationalities and languages, and see them at the same time by using webcam.
In sum up, I can say that internet with all of its disadvantages, is very useful and necessary technology to people. The important point is that, we should learn how to use new technologies in order to decrease such harmful side effects.
The internet will provide its users to access to a large amount of information in a short time. This will decrease the huge gab of technology between developed and developing countries. Although there are so many harmful websites in internet, it will absolutely provide immediate and useful information to its users as well as increasing the quality of communication among people all around the world.
Unfortunately, there are many harmful and destructive websites through the internet. Such websites are growing rapidly and even there are some porn advertisements in some of scientific and useful sites with the aim of furthering prostitution especially among youth. Internet users confront many times with such unwanted websites. For example, they search a key word, but the result is both useful and harmful links.
Despite of such bad websites, internet can provide for its users to access to immediate and useful information. Internet users can find whatever they wand and need. You can sit at home or workplace and by pressing a key you can access to mass information from all around the world. You can search the key words of whatever you want and get access to lots of useful websites related to your needed topic.
Using internet will increase the quality of communication among people. For example, in the past all of people used to write their letters and post them. This would take a long time. But, nowadays internet has simplified such long lasting procedure. You can sit home and send a letter in a flash of second to anyone all around the world by means of internet. Besides, you can chat with other people with different nationalities and languages, and see them at the same time by using webcam.
In sum up, I can say that internet with all of its disadvantages, is very useful and necessary technology to people. The important point is that, we should learn how to use new technologies in order to decrease such harmful side effects.
Tuesday, October 27, 2009
Graph Report
The graph in Figure 2 shows the number of immigrants from India & Pakistan and West India to England between 1940 and 1970.
In general, the total number of immigrants from West India to England had sharp increase between 1940 and 1960, and it reached to peak in 1960. The total number of immigrants from India & Pakistan had sharp increase between 1940 and 1962.
The total number of immigrants from West India to England increased sharply between 1940 and 1960 and it decreased sharply from 1960 and 1970. Generally we can say that after 1960, the number of immigrants from West India to England decreased drastically.
The total number of immigrants from India & Pakistan to England increased sharply between 1940 and 1960, and decreased dramatically between 1960 and 1965. Between 1965 and 1970 the number of immigrants from India & Pakistan to England reached to the peak, and then decreased rapidly.
In summary we can see that the number of immigrants from two mentioned countries had sharp increase before 1960 and decline after it. Many factors could cause such high number of immigratio, such as the bad condition of economy, life, labor, and education.
In general, the total number of immigrants from West India to England had sharp increase between 1940 and 1960, and it reached to peak in 1960. The total number of immigrants from India & Pakistan had sharp increase between 1940 and 1962.
The total number of immigrants from West India to England increased sharply between 1940 and 1960 and it decreased sharply from 1960 and 1970. Generally we can say that after 1960, the number of immigrants from West India to England decreased drastically.
The total number of immigrants from India & Pakistan to England increased sharply between 1940 and 1960, and decreased dramatically between 1960 and 1965. Between 1965 and 1970 the number of immigrants from India & Pakistan to England reached to the peak, and then decreased rapidly.
In summary we can see that the number of immigrants from two mentioned countries had sharp increase before 1960 and decline after it. Many factors could cause such high number of immigratio, such as the bad condition of economy, life, labor, and education.
Sunday, October 25, 2009
CV
A curriculum vitae (loosely translated as course of life) provides an overview of a person's life and qualifications. The CV is typically the first item that a potential employer encounters regarding the job seeker and is typically used to screen applicants, often followed by an interview, when seeking employment. A shorter alternative is simply vita, the Latin for "life". In popular usage curriculum vitæ is often written "curriculum vitae".
A CV or Curriculum Vitae is:
• Your Life History
• Your Job History
• Your Achievements
• Your Skills
A CV or curriculum vitae is a marketing tool. With your CV you will be able to promote yourself. Imagine the CV as being a brochure that will list the benefits of a particular service.
The service being your time and skills! When writing a CV look at it from your employers point of view.
Networking and interviewing are essential for your job hunt and your CV is just the first step in the job search. However a CV will be your first contact with potential employers and will open the door. If you are invited for an interview you would then be in a position to explain and expand on what is in your CV.
A curriculum vitae differs from a résumé in that it is appropriate for academic or medical careers and is far more comprehensive. A CV elaborates on education to a greater degree than a résumé.
A CV or Curriculum Vitae is:
• Your Life History
• Your Job History
• Your Achievements
• Your Skills
A CV or curriculum vitae is a marketing tool. With your CV you will be able to promote yourself. Imagine the CV as being a brochure that will list the benefits of a particular service.
The service being your time and skills! When writing a CV look at it from your employers point of view.
Networking and interviewing are essential for your job hunt and your CV is just the first step in the job search. However a CV will be your first contact with potential employers and will open the door. If you are invited for an interview you would then be in a position to explain and expand on what is in your CV.
A curriculum vitae differs from a résumé in that it is appropriate for academic or medical careers and is far more comprehensive. A CV elaborates on education to a greater degree than a résumé.
Résumé
A résumé is a document that contains a summary of relevant job experience and education. The résumé is typically the first item that a potential employer encounters regarding the job seeker and is typically used to screen applicants, often followed by an interview, when seeking employment. The résumé is comparable to, but substantially different from, a CV.
In many contexts, a résumé is short (usually one page), and therefore contains only experience directly relevant to a particular position. Many résumés contain precise keywords that potential employers are looking for, make heavy use of active verbs, and display content in a flattering manner.
A simple résumé is a summary typically limited to one or two pages of size A4 or Letter-size highlighting only those experiences and credentials that the author considers most relevant to the desired position. CVs are typically longer.
How to write a resume?
Resume writing is a critical task. People are always confused about resuming writing. They don't know what to write in a resume. Writing a great resume does not necessarily mean you should follow the rules you hear from others. It does not have to be just one page in length or follow a specific resume format. Every resume is a one-of-a-kind marketing communication. It should be appropriate to your situation and do exactly what you want it to do. To know more about resume writing, please checkout our resume writing guide and resume tips page.
In many contexts, a résumé is short (usually one page), and therefore contains only experience directly relevant to a particular position. Many résumés contain precise keywords that potential employers are looking for, make heavy use of active verbs, and display content in a flattering manner.
A simple résumé is a summary typically limited to one or two pages of size A4 or Letter-size highlighting only those experiences and credentials that the author considers most relevant to the desired position. CVs are typically longer.
How to write a resume?
Resume writing is a critical task. People are always confused about resuming writing. They don't know what to write in a resume. Writing a great resume does not necessarily mean you should follow the rules you hear from others. It does not have to be just one page in length or follow a specific resume format. Every resume is a one-of-a-kind marketing communication. It should be appropriate to your situation and do exactly what you want it to do. To know more about resume writing, please checkout our resume writing guide and resume tips page.
APA Report
APA Editorial Style
Style is the rules or principles or guidelines a publisher observes to ensure clear, consistent presentation of the printed word.
Editorial Style concerns uniform use of punctuation and abbreviation, construction of tables, selection of heading, citation of references, and other elements that are part of every manuscript.
This chapter is about the style for APA journals. In order to observe consistencies among journal articles or book chapters, an author who writes for a publication must follow the style rules established by the publisher.
Punctuation
Punctuation establishes the cadence of a sentence, telling the reader where to pause, stop, or take a detour.
Period
Use a period to end a complete sentence.
Comma
Use a comma
• Between elements in a series of three or more items;
• To set off a nonessential or nonrestrictive clauses;
• To separate two independent clauses joined by a conjunction;
• To set off the year in exact dates;
• To set off the year in parenthetical reference citation;
• To separate groups of three digits in most numbers of 1,000 or more.
Do not use a comma
• Before an essential or restrictive clause;
• Between the two parts of a compound predicate;
• To separate parts of measurement.
Semicolon
Use a semicolon
• To separate two independent clauses that are not joined by a conjunction;
• To separate elements in a series that already contain commas
Colon
Use a colon
• Between a grammatically complete introductory clause
• In rations and proportions
• In inferences between place of publication and publisher
Do not use a colon
• After an introduction that is not a complete sentence
Dash
Use the dash to indicate only a sudden interruption in the continuity of a sentence.
Quotation Marks
Use double quotation mark
• To introduce a word or phrase used as an ironic comment, as slang, or as an invented or coined expression.
• To set off the title
• To reproduce material from a test item or verbatim instructions to participants.
Do not Use double quotation mark
• To identify the anchors of a scale. Instead, italicized them.
• To cite a letter, word, phrase, or sentence as a linguistic example
• To introduce a technical or key term.
• To hedge.
Parentheses
Use parentheses
• To set off structurally independent elements
• To set off reference citations in text
• To introduce an abbreviation
• To set off letters that identify items in a series within a sentence or paragraph
• To group mathematical expressions
• To enclose the citation or page number of a direct quotation
• To enclose numbers that identify displayed formulas and quotations to enclose statistical values
• To enclose degree of freedom.
Do not Use parentheses
• To enclose material within other parentheses
• Back to back
Brackets
Use brackets
• To enclose parenthetical material that is already within parentheses
• To enclose material inserted in a quotation by some person other than the original writer
Do not Use brackets
• To set off statistics that already include parentheses
Slash
Use slash
• To clarify a relationship in which a hyphenated compound is used
• To separate numerator from denominator
• To indicate per to separate units of measurement accompanied by a numerical value
• To set off English phonemes
• To cite a republished work in text
Do not Use brackets
• When a phrase would be clearer
• For simple comparisons
• More than once to express compound units
Spelling
Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary is the standard spelling reference for APA journals and books.
Hyphenation
Compound words are two kinds: permanent compounds and temporary compounds.
If a temporary compound modifies another word, it may or may not be hyphenate, depending on a) its position in the sentence and b) whether the pairing of a compound with another word can cause the reader to misinterpret meaning.
Capitalization
• Words beginning a sentence
• Major words in titles and headings
• Proper nouns and trade names
• Nouns followed by numerals or letters
• Titles of tests
• Names of conditions or groups in an experiment
• Names of factors, variables, and effects
Italic
Use italic for
• Titles of books, periodicals, and microfilm publications
• Genera, species, and varieties
• Introduction of a new, technical, or key term or label
• Letter, word, pr phrase cited as a linguistic example
• Words that could be misread
• Letters used as statistical symbol or algebraic variables
• Some test scores and scales
• Periodical volume numbers in reference lists
• Anchors of a scale
Abbreviation
To maximize clarity, APA prefers that the authors use abbreviations sparingly.
Kinds of abbreviation
• Abbreviations accepted as words
• Abbreviations used often in APA journals
• Latin Abbreviations
• Scientific Abbreviations
• Other Abbreviations
Plurals of Abbreviations
To form the plural of most Abbreviations, add s alone, but not italicized.
Abbreviations beginning a sentence
Never begin a sentence with a lowercase abbreviation that stands alone.
Heading and series
Levels of heading establish via format or appearance the hierarchy of sections to orient the reader. All topics of equal importance have the same level of heading throughout a manuscript.
Quotation
Quotation of source
Material directly quoted from another author's work or from one's own previously published work, material duplicated from a test item, and verbatim instruction to participants should be reproduced word for word.
Incorporate a short quotation (fewer than 40 words) into text, and enclose the quotation with double question marks.
Display a quotation of 40 or more words in a freestanding block of typewritten lines, and omit the quotation marks.
Changes from the source requiring explanation
Omitting material. Use three spaced ellipsis points (…) within a sentence to indicate that you have omitted material from the original source.
Style is the rules or principles or guidelines a publisher observes to ensure clear, consistent presentation of the printed word.
Editorial Style concerns uniform use of punctuation and abbreviation, construction of tables, selection of heading, citation of references, and other elements that are part of every manuscript.
This chapter is about the style for APA journals. In order to observe consistencies among journal articles or book chapters, an author who writes for a publication must follow the style rules established by the publisher.
Punctuation
Punctuation establishes the cadence of a sentence, telling the reader where to pause, stop, or take a detour.
Period
Use a period to end a complete sentence.
Comma
Use a comma
• Between elements in a series of three or more items;
• To set off a nonessential or nonrestrictive clauses;
• To separate two independent clauses joined by a conjunction;
• To set off the year in exact dates;
• To set off the year in parenthetical reference citation;
• To separate groups of three digits in most numbers of 1,000 or more.
Do not use a comma
• Before an essential or restrictive clause;
• Between the two parts of a compound predicate;
• To separate parts of measurement.
Semicolon
Use a semicolon
• To separate two independent clauses that are not joined by a conjunction;
• To separate elements in a series that already contain commas
Colon
Use a colon
• Between a grammatically complete introductory clause
• In rations and proportions
• In inferences between place of publication and publisher
Do not use a colon
• After an introduction that is not a complete sentence
Dash
Use the dash to indicate only a sudden interruption in the continuity of a sentence.
Quotation Marks
Use double quotation mark
• To introduce a word or phrase used as an ironic comment, as slang, or as an invented or coined expression.
• To set off the title
• To reproduce material from a test item or verbatim instructions to participants.
Do not Use double quotation mark
• To identify the anchors of a scale. Instead, italicized them.
• To cite a letter, word, phrase, or sentence as a linguistic example
• To introduce a technical or key term.
• To hedge.
Parentheses
Use parentheses
• To set off structurally independent elements
• To set off reference citations in text
• To introduce an abbreviation
• To set off letters that identify items in a series within a sentence or paragraph
• To group mathematical expressions
• To enclose the citation or page number of a direct quotation
• To enclose numbers that identify displayed formulas and quotations to enclose statistical values
• To enclose degree of freedom.
Do not Use parentheses
• To enclose material within other parentheses
• Back to back
Brackets
Use brackets
• To enclose parenthetical material that is already within parentheses
• To enclose material inserted in a quotation by some person other than the original writer
Do not Use brackets
• To set off statistics that already include parentheses
Slash
Use slash
• To clarify a relationship in which a hyphenated compound is used
• To separate numerator from denominator
• To indicate per to separate units of measurement accompanied by a numerical value
• To set off English phonemes
• To cite a republished work in text
Do not Use brackets
• When a phrase would be clearer
• For simple comparisons
• More than once to express compound units
Spelling
Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary is the standard spelling reference for APA journals and books.
Hyphenation
Compound words are two kinds: permanent compounds and temporary compounds.
If a temporary compound modifies another word, it may or may not be hyphenate, depending on a) its position in the sentence and b) whether the pairing of a compound with another word can cause the reader to misinterpret meaning.
Capitalization
• Words beginning a sentence
• Major words in titles and headings
• Proper nouns and trade names
• Nouns followed by numerals or letters
• Titles of tests
• Names of conditions or groups in an experiment
• Names of factors, variables, and effects
Italic
Use italic for
• Titles of books, periodicals, and microfilm publications
• Genera, species, and varieties
• Introduction of a new, technical, or key term or label
• Letter, word, pr phrase cited as a linguistic example
• Words that could be misread
• Letters used as statistical symbol or algebraic variables
• Some test scores and scales
• Periodical volume numbers in reference lists
• Anchors of a scale
Abbreviation
To maximize clarity, APA prefers that the authors use abbreviations sparingly.
Kinds of abbreviation
• Abbreviations accepted as words
• Abbreviations used often in APA journals
• Latin Abbreviations
• Scientific Abbreviations
• Other Abbreviations
Plurals of Abbreviations
To form the plural of most Abbreviations, add s alone, but not italicized.
Abbreviations beginning a sentence
Never begin a sentence with a lowercase abbreviation that stands alone.
Heading and series
Levels of heading establish via format or appearance the hierarchy of sections to orient the reader. All topics of equal importance have the same level of heading throughout a manuscript.
Quotation
Quotation of source
Material directly quoted from another author's work or from one's own previously published work, material duplicated from a test item, and verbatim instruction to participants should be reproduced word for word.
Incorporate a short quotation (fewer than 40 words) into text, and enclose the quotation with double question marks.
Display a quotation of 40 or more words in a freestanding block of typewritten lines, and omit the quotation marks.
Changes from the source requiring explanation
Omitting material. Use three spaced ellipsis points (…) within a sentence to indicate that you have omitted material from the original source.
Sunday, October 18, 2009
Autobiograpy
Saeideh Najian (1981- ) was born in a small family in Tehran. She is the first child of the family. Two years after finishing high school, she entered university in the course of English translation in Azad University South Campus. She started teaching in one of Tehran's English Schools. After two-year of teaching, she found that she couldn't satisfy herself in that job and she could continue her work in translation. So she started working in one of social magazines as a translator for a short period of time. As she wanted to continue her education, she stopped working and started to study for M.A entrance exam. After a year she was accepted to university in Translation Studies. While she was studied at university, she started translating again. This time she translated some articles for Iran's Document Center. Now, she is translating a book about Iran for this center. She hopes she could finish this job successfully and her translation is printed as soon as possible. She is mostly interested in internet, watching movies, reading, travelling, hanging out with best friends, and listening to the music. She wishes she can do her best in writing her thesis and submit an applicable and publishable paper.
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